Anapidae

Anapidae is a family of rather small spiders with 154 described species in 36 genera. Alternatively the family may include Micropholcommatidae as the subfamily Micropholcommatinae, with a further 66 species and 19 genera. Most species are less than 2 mm long.

In some species (such as Pseudanapis parocula) the pedipalps of the female are reduced to coxal stumps.

Anapidae generally live in leaf litter and moss on the floor of rain forest. Many build orb webs with a diameter of less than 3 cm.

Distribution

Most genera inhabit New Zealand, Australia and Africa. However, several genera occur in Asia (Japan, China, Korea). Only Comaroma simoni and the three species of Zangherella are found in Europe; Gertschanapis shantzi and Comaroma mendocino live in the United States.

Description

Spiders of this family are very small, usually less than two millimeters long, and lack a cribellum. They can have either six or eight eyes, the rear median eyes either reduced or missing. The carapace is modified so that the eyes are raised higher than usual. Color can range from reddish brown to yellowish brown. Both margins of chelicerae have teeth. The legs are short and spineless. The labium has a spur that extends between the chelicerae and can be seen when the chelicerae are spread.

Systematics

Although the Micropholcommatidae were synonymized with this family by Schütt (2003), this move was not followed by all researchers, although accepted in a 2014 review of the systematics of the orb-weaving spiders.

Genera


male Conoculus lyugadinus
Anapis Simon, 1895 — Central to South America
Anapisona Gertsch, 1941 — Central to South America
Caledanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — New Caledonia
Chasmocephalon O. P-Cambridge, 1889 — Australia
Comaroma Bertkau, 1889 — Europe, USA, China, Korea, Japan
Conculus Komatsu, 1940 — New Guinea, Korea, Japan
Crassanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Chile, Argentina
Crozetulus Hickman, 1939 — Africa
Dippenaaria Wunderlich, 1995 — South Africa
Elanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Chile
Enielkenie Ono, 2007 — Taiwan
Forsteriola Brignoli, 1981 — Africa
Gertschanapis Platnick & Forster, 1990 — USA
Hickmanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Tasmania
Mandanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — New Caledonia
Maxanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Australia
Metanapis Brignoli, 1981 — Africa, Nepal
Minanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Chile, Argentina
Montanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — New Caledonia
Nortanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Australia
Novanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — New Zealand
Octanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Australia
Paranapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — New Zealand
Pecanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Chile
Pseudanapis Simon, 1905 — Central and South America, Africa, South Asia, New Guinea, Hong Kong
Queenslanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Australia
Risdonius Hickman, 1939 — Australia
Sheranapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Chile
Sinanapis Wunderlich & Song, 1995 — China
Sofanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Chile
Spinanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Australia
Tasmanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Tasmania
Victanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — Australia
Zangherella Caporiacco, 1949 — Mediterranean
Zealanapis Platnick & Forster, 1989 — New Zealand

source - Wikipedia
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