Atypus

Atypus is a genus of mygalomorph spider, the purse web spiders. It occurs in Eurasia, with one species (A. affinis) reaching into North Africa, and one species (A. snetsingeri) in the USA. Only three of the described species occur in Europe: A. piceus, A. affinis, and A. muralis.

Peasants in the southern Carpathian Mountains used to cut up tubes built by Atypus and cover wounds with the inner lining. It reportedly facilitated healing, and even connected with the skin. This is believed to be due to antiseptic properties of spider silk (which is made of protein).

Identification features

They are three-clawed, medium to large spiders with eight eyes. They have six spinnerets with the median spinneret truncated. The prolateral sides of the maxillae are elongated. The cephalic side of the cephalothorax is elevated. They have large chelicerae with long and thin fangs. The male sternum has marginal ridges.

Species

Atypus affinis Eichwald, 1830 — Britain to Ukraine, North Africa
Atypus baotianmanensis Hu, 1994 — China
Atypus coreanus Kim, 1985 — Korea
Atypus dorsualis Thorell, 1897 — Myanmar, Thailand
Atypus flexus Zhu et al., 2006 — China
Atypus formosensis Kayashima, 1943 — Taiwan
Atypus heterothecus Zhang, 1985 — China
Atypus javanus Thorell, 1890 — Java
Atypus karschi Dönitz, 1887 — China, Taiwan, Japan
Atypus lannaianus Schwendinger, 1989 — Thailand
Atypus largosaccatus Zhu et al., 2006 — China
Atypus ledongensis Zhu et al., 2006 — China
Atypus magnus Namkung, 1986 — Russia, Korea
Atypus medius Oliger, 1999 — Russia
Atypus muralis Bertkau, 1890 — Central Europe to Turkmenistan
Atypus pedicellatus Zhu et al., 2006 — China
Atypus piceus (Sulzer, 1776) — Europe to Moldavia, Iran
Atypus quelpartensis Namkung, 2002 — Korea
Atypus sacculatus Zhu et al., 2006 — China
Atypus sinensis Schenkel, 1953 — China
Atypus snetsingeri Sarno, 1973 — USA
Atypus sternosulcus Kim et al., 2006 — Korea
Atypus suiningensis Zhang, 1985 — China
Atypus suthepicus Schwendinger, 1989 — Thailand
Atypus sutherlandi Chennappaiya, 1935 — India
Atypus suwonensis Kim et al., 2006 — Korea
Atypus tibetensis Zhu et al., 2006 — China
Atypus wataribabaorum Tanikawa, 2006 — Japan
Atypus yajuni Zhu et al., 2006 — China

source - Wikipedia
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