Avicularia

This article is about the spider genus. For the bryozoan zooid form, see avicularium.
Avicularia is a genus of the family Theraphosidae containing various species of tarantulas. The genus is native to tropical South America. Each species in the genus has very distinguishable pink foot pads.

One of the most notable features of the Avicularia species is their odd method of defense. When threatened, their first choice is to jump or run away as quickly as possible – occasionally, though, they will launch a jet of excrement at the perceived threat. Adults are capable of good accuracy and a range of 0.5–1 m (2 to 3 feet).

There is also a belief that they may be the reason behind rumors of "flying spiders" in the rainforests they are native to, as they are quite adept at jumping. Their legs, however, prevent them from gaining much height in making a jump.


Avicularia metallica Female
Avicularia avicularia are among the tarantulas most commonly kept as pets.

Species

As of March 2016, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:

Avicularia affinis (Nicolet, 1849) – Chile
Avicularia ancylochira Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
Avicularia arabica (Strand, 1908) – supposedly Egypt but probably South America
Avicularia aurantiaca Bauer, 1996 – Peru
Avicularia avicularia (Linnaeus, 1758) (type species) – Costa Rica to Brazil
Avicularia aymara (Chamberlin, 1916) – Peru
Avicularia azuraklaasi Tesmoingt, 1996 – Peru
Avicularia bicegoi Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
Avicularia braunshauseni Tesmoingt, 1999 – Brazil
Avicularia caesia (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Puerto Rico
Avicularia cuminami Mello-Leitão, 1930 – Brazil
Avicularia detrita (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil
Avicularia diversipes (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil
Avicularia doleschalli (Ausserer, 1871) – Brazil
Avicularia exilis Strand, 1907 – Suriname
Avicularia fasciculata Strand, 1907 – South America
Avicularia gamba Bertani & Fukushima, 2009 – Brazil
Avicularia geroldi Tesmoingt, 1999 – Brazil
Avicularia glauca Simon, 1891 – Panama
Avicularia gracilis (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil
Avicularia hirschii Bullmer, Thierer-Lutz & Schmidt, 2006 – Ecuador
Avicularia hirsuta (Ausserer, 1875) – Cuba
Avicularia holmbergi Thorell, 1890 – French Guiana
Avicularia huriana Tesmoingt, 1996 – Ecuador
Avicularia juruensis Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
Avicularia laeta (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil, Puerto Rico
Avicularia leporina (C. L. Koch, 1841) – Brazil
Avicularia metallica Ausserer, 1875 – Suriname
Avicularia minatrix Pocock, 1903 – Venezuela
Avicularia nigrotaeniata Mello-Leitão, 1940 – Guyana
Avicularia ochracea (Perty, 1833) – Brazil
Avicularia plantaris (C. L. Koch, 1842) – Brazil
Avicularia purpurea Kirk, 1990 – Ecuador
Avicularia rapax (Ausserer, 1875) – South America
Avicularia rickwesti Bertani & Huff, 2013 – Dominican Republic
Avicularia rufa Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1945 – Brazil
Avicularia rutilans Ausserer, 1875 – Colombia
Avicularia sooretama Bertani & Fukushima, 2009 – Brazil
Avicularia soratae Strand, 1907 – Bolivia
Avicularia subvulpina Strand, 1906 – South America
Avicularia surinamensis Strand, 1907 – Suriname
Avicularia taunayi (Mello-Leitão, 1920) – Brazil
Avicularia ulrichea Tesmoingt, 1996 – Brazil
Avicularia urticans Schmidt, 1994 – Peru
Avicularia velutina Simon, 1889 – Venezuela
Avicularia versicolor (Walckenaer, 1837) – Guadeloupe, Martinique
Avicularia walckenaeri (Perty, 1833) – Brazil
Transferred to other genera
Avicularia annulipes → Euoplos annulipes (Idiopidae)
Avicularia anthracina → Grammostola anthracina
Avicularia aureoceps → Brachypelma aureoceps
Avicularia bistriata → Ephebopus murinus
Avicularia borelli → Grammostola borelli
Avicularia brunnipes → Kochiana brunnipes
Avicularia caniceps → Aphonopelma caniceps
Avicularia conspersa → Rachias conspersus (Nemesiidae)
Avicularia cyaneopubescens → Chromatopelma cyaneopubescens
Avicularia deborrii (Becker, 1879) → Tapinauchenius plumipes
Avicularia dubia → Vitalius dubius
Avicularia duplex → Aphonopelma duplex
Avicularia embrithes → Brachypelma embrithes
Avicularia emilia → Brachypelma emilia
Avicularia epicureana → Brachypelma epicureanum
Avicularia geotoma → Aphonopelma geotoma
Avicularia guyana → Eupalaestrus guyanus
Avicularia hageni → Aphonopelma hageni
Avicularia helluo → Aphonopelma helluo
Avicularia hespera → Aphonopelma hesperum
Avicularia imperatrix → Plesiopelma imperatrix
Avicularia lanceolata → Aphonopelma lanceolatum
Avicularia latens → Aphonopelma latens
Avicularia magdalena (Karsch, 1879) → Hapalopus formosus
Avicularia marxi → Aphonopelma marxi
Avicularia mendozae → Grammostola mendozae
Avicularia mesomelas → Megaphobema mesomelas
Avicularia minax (Thorell, 1894) → Grammostola doeringi
Avicularia muritelaria (Holmberg, 1876) → Kukulcani ahibernalis [Hentz, 1842] {Filistatidae}
Avicularia myodes → Plesiopelma myodes
Avicularia obscura → Ami obscura
Avicularia pallida → Aphonopelma pallidum
Avicularia palmicola (Mello-Leitão, 1945) → Iridopelma hirsutum
Avicularia panamensis → Sericopelma panamense
Avicularia parva → Catumiri parvum
Avicularia parvior → Lasiodora parvior
Avicularia pulchra (Mello-Leitão, 1933) and Avicularia recifiensis [Struchen & Brändle, 1996] → Pachistopelma rufonigrum
Avicularia regina (Chamberlin, 1917) → Homoeomma strabo
Avicularia rustica → Aphonopelma rusticum
Avicularia sabulosa → Brachypelma sabulosum
Avicularia saltator (Pocock, 1903) → Eupalaestrus weijenberghi
Avicularia seemanni → Aphonopelma seemani
Avicularia seladonia → Typhochlaena seladonia
Avicularia serrata → Aphonopelma serratum
Avicularia smithi → Brachypelma smithi
Avicularia spinicrus → Citharacanthus spinicrus
Avicularia steindachneri → Aphonopelma steindachneri
Avicularia stoica → Aphonopelma stoicum
Avicularia tamaulipeca → Clavopelma tamaulipeca
Avicularia tripeppi → Nhandu tripeppi
Avicularia truncata → Aphonopelma truncatum
Avicularia vagans → Brachypelma vagans
Avicularia vellutina → Vitalius vellutinus
Avicularia violacea → Tapinauchenius violaceus
Avicularia wacketi → Vitalius wacketi
Avicularia zorodes → Iridopelma zorodes
Avicularia urticans (Peruvian pinktoe) adult
Avicularia versicolor baby
Avicularia versicolor.
Avicularia purpurea

source - Wikipedia
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