The burning of bodies of Christian Assyrian women during the Assyrian Genocide...ancient Assyria

The burning of bodies of Christian Assyrian women during the Assyrian Genocide

The burning of bodies of Christian Assyrian women during the Assyrian Genocide
After these splits, the Assyrians suffered a number of religiously and ethnically motivated massacres throughout the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, culminating in the large scale Hamidian massacres of unarmed men, women, and children by Turks and Kurds in the 1890s at the hands of the Ottoman Empire and its associated (largely Kurdish and Arab) militias, which greatly reduced their numbers, particularly in southeastern Turkey.

The Assyrians suffered a further catastrophic series of events during World War I 

The Assyrians suffered a further catastrophic series of events during World War I in the form of the religiously and ethnically motivated Assyrian Genocide at the hands of the Ottomans and their Kurdish and Arab allies from 1915 to 1918. Some sources claim the highest number of Assyrians killed during the period was 750,000, while a 1922 Assyrian assessment set it at 275,000. The Assyrian Genocide ran largely in conjunction with the similarly motivated Armenian Genocide and Greek Genocide.

In reaction against Ottoman cruelty

In reaction against Ottoman cruelty, the Assyrians in the Hakkari Mountains took up arms, and an Assyrian war of independence was fought during World War I. For a time, the Assyrians fought successfully against overwhelming numbers, scoring a number of victories against the Ottomans and Kurds, and also hostile Arab and Iranian groups. However, due to the collapse of the Russian Empire due to the Russian Revolution, and the similar collapse of the Armenian Defense: The Assyrians were left without allies. As a result, The Assyrians were vastly outnumbered, outgunned, surrounded, and without supplies. The only option they had was to flee the region into northwest Iran and fight their way, with around 50,000 civilians in tow, to British train lines going to Mandatory Iraq. The sizable Assyrian presence in southeastern Anatolia which had endured for over four millennia was thus reduced to no more than 15,000 by the end of World War I, and by 1924 those who remained were expelled, with many leaving and later founding villages in the Sapna and Nahla valleys in the Dohuk Governorate of Iraqi Kurdistan.

The Assyrian Levies were founded by the British in 1928

The Assyrian Levies were founded by the British in 1928, with ancient Assyrian military rankings, such as Rab-shakeh, Rab-Talia, and Turtanu, being revived for the first time in millennia for this force. The Assyrians were prized by the British rulers for their fighting qualities, loyalty, bravery, and discipline, and were used to help the British put down insurrections among the Arabs, Kurds, and Turcoman, guard the borders with Iran and Turkey, and protect British military installations.

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